| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2022 | Volume
: 19
| Issue : 1 | Page : 41 |
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Evaluation of the association between osteoporosis and periodontitis in postmenopausal women: A clinical and radiographic study
Saba Zamani1, Farin Kiany2, Leila Khojastepour3, Ali Zamani4, Zahra Emami2
1 Student Research Committee, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
2 Department of Periodontics, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
3 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
4 Department of Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Zahra Emami
Department of Periodontics, Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentisty, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz
Iran
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.346399
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Background: This study aimed to assess the relationship between the osteoporotic condition and periodontitis in postmenopausal women.
Materials and Methods: Ninety-four women aged 50–80 years were studied in this cross-sectional study. Bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar vertebra BMD (LBMD), total hip BMD (HBMD), and neck of femur BMD (NBMD) was assessed using standardized dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) (normal: T-score ≥−1, osteopenic: −2.5 ≤ t-score <−1, osteoporotic: T-score <−2.5). Bleeding point index (BI), O'Leary plaque index (PI), and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were recorded. Cementoenamel junction, alveolar-crest distance (CEJ-AC) was measured from cone-beam computed tomography images. Periodontitis severity was represented by CAL and CEJ-AC distance. One-way analysis of variance followed by Post hoc Tukey was performed for examining differences among the groups for different variables. Pearson correlation coefficient® and backward regression analysis were used to investigate the effect of confounding variables on CEJ-AC as the dependent variable. Significance was considered at P < 0.05.
Results: Mean CEJ-AC was significantly higher in the osteoporotic and osteopenic groups compared to the normal group (P = 0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between CEJ-AC and NBMD and LBMD (P < 0.001). The associations between LBMD and CEJ-AC existed even after adjusting for confounding factors (P = 0.002). The differences in BI, PI, and CAL were not statistically different between the groups (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: Although osteoporosis is not the main cause of periodontitis, it can indirectly affect periodontal status by increasing CEJ-AC. Early diagnosis of osteoporosis followed by early referral to a dentist for the treatment of potential existing periodontal diseases is important to avoid complications among postmenopausal women
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