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Antibacterial effect of nano-chlorhexidine on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in root canal system: An in vitro study
Neda Hajihassani1, Orkideh Alavi2, Mohamadjavad Karamshahi3, Seyed Mahmoud Amin Marashi4, Abbasali Khademi5, Navid Mohammadi6
1 Department of Endodontics, Dental Caries Prevention Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
2 Department of Endodontics, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
3 Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
4 Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Medical Microbiology Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
5 Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Dental Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
6 Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Children Growth Research Center, Research Institute for Non-Communicable Diseases, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Orkideh Alavi
Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Bahonar Blvd., Qazvin
Iran
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None  | Check |
DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.356819
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Background: A new method to improve the properties of the materials is nano-encapsulation, which improves the biological properties, antibacterial activity along with reduction of toxicity. Due to the spread of nano-knowledge, the present study was performed to evaluate the antibacterial effect of nano-chlorhexidine (CHX) on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in the root canal system.
Materials and Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, 55 matured single-root mandibular premolars were decoronated and the canals were prepared by single length method up to #F3 ProTaper Universal system. Five teeth were selected as negative control. Then, the teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups (n = 15) and a positive control group (n = 5). The experimental groups were irrigated with 2% nano- CHX gel, 2% CHX solution, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), respectively. Finally, the number of colonies was counted. Kruskal–Wallis test was used to compare the number of colonies among groups. The level of significance was set at P < 0.05.
Results: The mean number of colonies in the groups of nano-CHX, NaOCl, CHX, and positive control were obtained as 17.73 ± 18.69, 35.53 ± 36.42, 38.8 ± 31.8, and 96.8 ± 22.52, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the number of colonies in all the experimental groups compared to the control group (P < 0.05). However, difference in the number of colonies among these three groups was not significant (P > 0.05).
Conclusion: The use of nano-CHX in removing E. faecalis biofilm from root canal is as effective as the use of CHX and NaOCl.
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